Fritzing
Project #7: RGB LCD Shield – Seven-Segment Display – Mk06
Seven-Segment Display
A seven-segment display (SSD), or seven-segment indicator, is a form of electronic display device for displaying decimal numerals that is an alternative to the more complex dot matrix displays.
Seven-segment displays are widely used in digital clocks, electronic meters, basic calculators, and other electronic devices that display numerical information.
Your basic 7-segment LED. Common anode. Two decimal points, but only the one on the right is wired. Digit height is 0.6″. Overall height is 1″.
Common Cathode
In a common-cathode display, the positive terminal of all the eight LEDs are connected together and then connected to iSeven2 and iSeven8. To turn on an individual segment, you ground one of the pins. The following diagram shows the internal structure of the common-cathode seven-segment display.
The internal structure of both types is nearly the same. The difference is the polarity of the LEDs and common terminal. In a common cathode seven-segment display, all seven LEDs plus a dot LED have the cathodes connected To use this display, we need to connect VIN to make the individual segments light up. The following diagram shows the internal structure of common-cathode seven-segment display.
If your Arduino application only needs to display numbers, consider using a seven-segment display. The severn-segment display has seven LEDs arranged in the shape of number eight. They are easy to use and cost effective. The picture below shows a typical seven-segment display.
DonLuc1807Mk10
1 x RGB LCD Shield 16×2 Character Display
1 x Arduino UNO – R3
1 x ProtoScrewShield
1 x Seven-Segment Display Red
7 x 220 ohm resistor
4 x Jumper Wires 3″ M/M
8 x Jumper Wires 6″ M/M
1 x Half-Size Breadboard
Arduino UNO
7S8 – Digital 8
7S7 – Digital 7
7S6 – Digital 6
7S5 – Digital 5
7S4 – Digital 4
7S3 – Digital 3
7S2 – Digital 2
VIN – +5V
DonLuc1807Mk10p.ino
// ***** Don Luc ***** // Software Version Information // Project #7: RGB LCD Shield – Seven-Segment Display – Mk06 // 7-10 // DonLuc1807Mk10p 7-10 // RGB LCD Shield // Seven-Segment Display // include the library code: #include <Adafruit_MCP23017.h> #include <Adafruit_RGBLCDShield.h> Adafruit_RGBLCDShield RGBLCDShield = Adafruit_RGBLCDShield(); #define GREEN 0x2 // Seven-Segment Display int iSeven2 = 2; // iSeven2 int iSeven3 = 3; // iSeven3 int iSeven4 = 4; // iSeven4 int iSeven5 = 5; // iSeven5 int iSeven6 = 6; // iSeven6 int iSeven7 = 7; // iSeven7 int iSeven8 = 8; // iSeven8 void loop() { // Seven-Segment Display isSeven(); // Clear RGBLCDShield.clear(); }
getSeven.ino
// Seven-Segment Display void isSeven() { // Display // Set the cursor to column 0, line 0 RGBLCDShield.setCursor(0,0); RGBLCDShield.print("Seven-Segment"); // Seven-Segment Display // Set the cursor to column 0, line 1 RGBLCDShield.setCursor(0, 1); RGBLCDShield.print("iSeven2 + "); // iSeven2 + digitalWrite(iSeven2, LOW); delay(5000); // Seven - Off isSevOff(); // Set the cursor to column 0, line 1 RGBLCDShield.setCursor(0, 1); RGBLCDShield.print("iSeven2 - "); // iSeven2 - delay(2000); // Set the cursor to column 0, line 1 RGBLCDShield.setCursor(0, 1); RGBLCDShield.print("iSeven3 + "); // iSeven3 + digitalWrite(iSeven3, LOW); delay(5000); // Seven - Off isSevOff(); // Set the cursor to column 0, line 1 RGBLCDShield.setCursor(0, 1); RGBLCDShield.print("iSeven3 - "); // iSeven3 - delay(2000); // Set the cursor to column 0, line 1 RGBLCDShield.setCursor(0, 1); RGBLCDShield.print("iSeven4 + "); // iSeven4 + digitalWrite(iSeven4, LOW); delay(5000); // Seven - Off isSevOff(); // Set the cursor to column 0, line 1 RGBLCDShield.setCursor(0, 1); RGBLCDShield.print("iSeven4 - "); // iSeven4 - delay(2000); // Set the cursor to column 0, line 1 RGBLCDShield.setCursor(0, 1); RGBLCDShield.print("iSeven5 + "); // iSeven5 + digitalWrite(iSeven5, LOW); delay(5000); // Seven - Off isSevOff(); // Set the cursor to column 0, line 1 RGBLCDShield.setCursor(0, 1); RGBLCDShield.print("iSeven5 - "); // iSeven5 - delay(2000); // Set the cursor to column 0, line 1 RGBLCDShield.setCursor(0, 1); RGBLCDShield.print("iSeven6 + "); // iSeven6 + digitalWrite(iSeven6, LOW); delay(5000); // Seven - Off isSevOff(); // Set the cursor to column 0, line 1 RGBLCDShield.setCursor(0, 1); RGBLCDShield.print("iSeven6 - "); // iSeven6 - delay(2000); // Set the cursor to column 0, line 1 RGBLCDShield.setCursor(0, 1); RGBLCDShield.print("iSeven7 + "); // iSeven7 + digitalWrite(iSeven7, LOW); delay(5000); // Seven - Off isSevOff(); // Set the cursor to column 0, line 1 RGBLCDShield.setCursor(0, 1); RGBLCDShield.print("iSeven7 - "); // iSeven7 - delay(2000); // Set the cursor to column 0, line 1 RGBLCDShield.setCursor(0, 1); RGBLCDShield.print("iSeven8 + "); // iSeven8 + digitalWrite(iSeven8, LOW); delay(5000); // Seven - Off isSevOff(); // Set the cursor to column 0, line 1 RGBLCDShield.setCursor(0, 1); RGBLCDShield.print("iSeven8 - "); // iSeven8 - delay(2000); // Set the cursor to column 0, line 1 RGBLCDShield.setCursor(0, 1); RGBLCDShield.print("iSeven 0 "); // iSeven 0 digitalWrite(iSeven2, LOW); digitalWrite(iSeven3, LOW); digitalWrite(iSeven4, LOW); digitalWrite(iSeven5, LOW); digitalWrite(iSeven6, LOW); digitalWrite(iSeven7, LOW); delay(5000); // Seven - Off isSevOff(); // Set the cursor to column 0, line 1 RGBLCDShield.setCursor(0, 1); RGBLCDShield.print("Seven - Off "); // Seven - Off delay(2000); // Set the cursor to column 0, line 1 RGBLCDShield.setCursor(0, 1); RGBLCDShield.print("iSeven 1 "); // iSeven 1 digitalWrite(iSeven3, LOW); digitalWrite(iSeven4, LOW); delay(5000); // Seven - Off isSevOff(); // Set the cursor to column 0, line 1 RGBLCDShield.setCursor(0, 1); RGBLCDShield.print("Seven - Off "); // Seven - Off delay(2000); // Set the cursor to column 0, line 1 RGBLCDShield.setCursor(0, 1); RGBLCDShield.print("iSeven 2 "); // iSeven 2 digitalWrite(iSeven2, LOW); digitalWrite(iSeven3, LOW); digitalWrite(iSeven5, LOW); digitalWrite(iSeven6, LOW); digitalWrite(iSeven8, LOW); delay(5000); // Seven - Off isSevOff(); // Set the cursor to column 0, line 1 RGBLCDShield.setCursor(0, 1); RGBLCDShield.print("Seven - Off "); // Seven - Off delay(2000); // Set the cursor to column 0, line 1 RGBLCDShield.setCursor(0, 1); RGBLCDShield.print("iSeven 3 "); // iSeven 3 digitalWrite(iSeven2, LOW); digitalWrite(iSeven3, LOW); digitalWrite(iSeven4, LOW); digitalWrite(iSeven5, LOW); digitalWrite(iSeven8, LOW); delay(5000); // Seven - Off isSevOff(); // Set the cursor to column 0, line 1 RGBLCDShield.setCursor(0, 1); RGBLCDShield.print("Seven - Off "); // Seven - Off delay(2000); // Set the cursor to column 0, line 1 RGBLCDShield.setCursor(0, 1); RGBLCDShield.print("iSeven 4 "); // iSeven 4 digitalWrite(iSeven3, LOW); digitalWrite(iSeven4, LOW); digitalWrite(iSeven7, LOW); digitalWrite(iSeven8, LOW); delay(5000); // Seven - Off isSevOff(); // Set the cursor to column 0, line 1 RGBLCDShield.setCursor(0, 1); RGBLCDShield.print("Seven - Off "); // Seven - Off delay(2000); // Set the cursor to column 0, line 1 RGBLCDShield.setCursor(0, 1); RGBLCDShield.print("iSeven 5 "); // iSeven 5 digitalWrite(iSeven2, LOW); digitalWrite(iSeven4, LOW); digitalWrite(iSeven5, LOW); digitalWrite(iSeven7, LOW); digitalWrite(iSeven8, LOW); delay(5000); // Seven - Off isSevOff(); // Set the cursor to column 0, line 1 RGBLCDShield.setCursor(0, 1); RGBLCDShield.print("Seven - Off "); // Seven - Off delay(2000); // Set the cursor to column 0, line 1 RGBLCDShield.setCursor(0, 1); RGBLCDShield.print("iSeven 6 "); // iSeven 6 digitalWrite(iSeven2, LOW); digitalWrite(iSeven4, LOW); digitalWrite(iSeven5, LOW); digitalWrite(iSeven6, LOW); digitalWrite(iSeven7, LOW); digitalWrite(iSeven8, LOW); delay(5000); // Seven - Off isSevOff(); // Set the cursor to column 0, line 1 RGBLCDShield.setCursor(0, 1); RGBLCDShield.print("Seven - Off "); // Seven - Off delay(2000); // Set the cursor to column 0, line 1 RGBLCDShield.setCursor(0, 1); RGBLCDShield.print("iSeven 7 "); // iSeven 7 digitalWrite(iSeven2, LOW); digitalWrite(iSeven3, LOW); digitalWrite(iSeven4, LOW); delay(5000); // Seven - Off isSevOff(); // Set the cursor to column 0, line 1 RGBLCDShield.setCursor(0, 1); RGBLCDShield.print("Seven - Off "); // Seven - Off delay(2000); // Set the cursor to column 0, line 1 RGBLCDShield.setCursor(0, 1); RGBLCDShield.print("iSeven 8 "); // iSeven 8 digitalWrite(iSeven2, LOW); digitalWrite(iSeven3, LOW); digitalWrite(iSeven4, LOW); digitalWrite(iSeven5, LOW); digitalWrite(iSeven6, LOW); digitalWrite(iSeven7, LOW); digitalWrite(iSeven8, LOW); delay(5000); // Seven - Off isSevOff(); // Set the cursor to column 0, line 1 RGBLCDShield.setCursor(0, 1); RGBLCDShield.print("Seven - Off "); // Seven - Off delay(2000); // Set the cursor to column 0, line 1 RGBLCDShield.setCursor(0, 1); RGBLCDShield.print("iSeven 9 "); // iSeven 9 digitalWrite(iSeven2, LOW); digitalWrite(iSeven3, LOW); digitalWrite(iSeven4, LOW); digitalWrite(iSeven5, LOW); digitalWrite(iSeven7, LOW); digitalWrite(iSeven8, LOW); delay(5000); // Seven - Off isSevOff(); // Set the cursor to column 0, line 1 RGBLCDShield.setCursor(0, 1); RGBLCDShield.print("Seven - Off "); // Seven - Off delay(2000); } // Seven - Off void isSevOff() { // Seven - Off digitalWrite(iSeven2, HIGH); digitalWrite(iSeven3, HIGH); digitalWrite(iSeven4, HIGH); digitalWrite(iSeven5, HIGH); digitalWrite(iSeven6, HIGH); digitalWrite(iSeven7, HIGH); digitalWrite(iSeven8, HIGH); }
setup.ino
// Setup void setup() { // set up the LCD's number of columns and rows: RGBLCDShield.begin(16, 2); RGBLCDShield.setBacklight(GREEN); // Display // Set the cursor to column 0, line 0 RGBLCDShield.setCursor(0,0); RGBLCDShield.print("Don Luc"); // Don luc // Set the cursor to column 0, line 1 RGBLCDShield.setCursor(0, 1); RGBLCDShield.print("Seven-Segment"); // Seven-Segment Display delay(5000); // Clear RGBLCDShield.clear(); // Seven-Segment Display pinMode(iSeven2, OUTPUT); // iSeven2 pinMode(iSeven3, OUTPUT); // iSeven3 pinMode(iSeven4, OUTPUT); // iSeven4 pinMode(iSeven5, OUTPUT); // iSeven5 pinMode(iSeven6, OUTPUT); // iSeven6 pinMode(iSeven7, OUTPUT); // iSeven7 pinMode(iSeven8, OUTPUT); // iSeven8 isSevOff(); // Seven - Off }
Don Luc
Project #7: RGB LCD Shield – LED RGB – Mk05
LED RGB
LED RGB are tri-color LEDs with red, green, and blue emitters, in general using a four-wire connection with one common lead (anode or cathode). These LEDs can have either common positive leads in the case of a common anode LED, or common negative leads in the case of a common cathode LED. Others, however, have only two leads (positive and negative) and have a built-in electronic control unit.
LED RGB (Red-Green-Blue) are actually three LEDs in one! But that doesn’t mean it can only make three colors. Because red, green, and blue are the additive primary colors, you can control the intensity of each to create every color of the rainbow. Most RGB LEDs have four pins: one for each color, and a common pin. On some, the common pin is the anode, and on others, it’s the cathode.
Circuit Schematics (Common Cathode)
The cathode will be connected to the VIN and will be connected through 330 Ohms resistor. We will use PWM for simulating analog output which will provide different voltage levels to the LEDs so we can get the desired colors. We will use PWM for simulating analog output which will provide different voltage levels to the LEDs so we can get the desired colors.
Source Code
I will use the pins number 4, 3 and 2 and I will name them iRed, iGreen and iBlue. In the setup section we need to define them as outputs. At the bottom of the sketch we have this custom made function named setColor() which takes 3 different arguments red, green and blue. These arguments represents the brightness of the LEDs or the duty cycle of the PWM signal which is created using the analogWrite() function. These values can vary from 0 to 255 which represents 100 % duty cycle of the PWM signal or maximum LED brightness.
So now in the loop function we will make our program which will change the color of the LED each 2 second. In order to get red light on the LED we will call the setColor() function and set value of 255 for the iRed argument and 0 for the two others. Respectively we can get the two other basic colors, green and blue.
DonLuc1807Mk09
1 x RGB LCD Shield 16×2 Character Display
1 x Arduino UNO – R3
1 x ProtoScrewShield
1 x LED RGB (NSTM515AS)
1 x 330 ohm resistor
4 x Jumper Wires 6″ M/M
1 x Half-Size Breadboard
Arduino UNO
Red – Digital 4
Gre – Digital 3
Blu – Digital 2
VIN – +5V
DonLuc1807Mk09p.ino
// ***** Don Luc ***** // Software Version Information // Project #7: RGB LCD Shield – LED RGB – Mk05 // 7-9 // DonLuc1807Mk09p 7-9 // RGB LCD Shield // LED RGB // include the library code: #include <Adafruit_MCP23017.h> #include <Adafruit_RGBLCDShield.h> Adafruit_RGBLCDShield RGBLCDShield = Adafruit_RGBLCDShield(); #define GREEN 0x2 // LED RGB #define COMMON_ANODE int iBlue = 2; int iGreen = 3; int iRed = 4; void loop() { // LED RGB isColor(); delay(500); // Clear RGBLCDShield.clear(); }
getColor.ino
// LED RGB void isColor() { // Display // Set the cursor to column 0, line 0 RGBLCDShield.setCursor(0,0); RGBLCDShield.print("LED RGB"); // LED RGB // Set the cursor to column 0, line 1 RGBLCDShield.setCursor(0, 1); RGBLCDShield.print("Red "); // Red setColor(255, 0, 0); // Red Color delay(2000); // Set the cursor to column 0, line 1 RGBLCDShield.setCursor(0, 1); RGBLCDShield.print("Green "); // Green setColor(0, 255, 0); // Green Color delay(2000); // Set the cursor to column 0, line 1 RGBLCDShield.setCursor(0, 1); RGBLCDShield.print("Blue "); // Blue setColor(0, 0, 255); // Blue Color delay(2000); } void setColor(int red, int green, int blue) { #ifdef COMMON_ANODE red = 255 - red; green = 255 - green; blue = 255 - blue; #endif analogWrite(iRed, red); analogWrite(iGreen, green); analogWrite(iBlue, blue); }
setup.ino
// Setup void setup() { // set up the LCD's number of columns and rows: RGBLCDShield.begin(16, 2); RGBLCDShield.setBacklight(GREEN); // Display // Set the cursor to column 0, line 0 RGBLCDShield.setCursor(0,0); RGBLCDShield.print("Don Luc"); // Don luc // Set the cursor to column 0, line 1 RGBLCDShield.setCursor(0, 1); RGBLCDShield.print("LED RGB"); // LED RGB delay(5000); // Clear RGBLCDShield.clear(); // LED RGB pinMode(iBlue, OUTPUT); // Blue pinMode(iGreen, OUTPUT); // Green pinMode(iRed, OUTPUT); // Red }
Don Luc
Project #7: RGB LCD Shield – IR Emitters and Detectors – Mk04
Infrared Emitters and Detectors
Side-looking Infrared Emitters and IR Detectors. These simple devices operate at 940nm and work well for generic IR systems including remote control and touch-less object sensing. Using a simple ADC on any microcontroller will allow variable readings to be collected from the detector. The emitter is driven up to 50mA with a current limiting resistor as with any LED device. The detect is a NPN transistor that is biased by incoming IR light.
Sold as a pair, with one Emitter and one Detector.
IR Emitter
Connect IR LED using a 270 ohm series resistor to the +5 supply (or to an Arduino pin if you want to switch the source on and off). Current draw is about 11 mA with a 270 ohm resistor. Current runs from anode to cathode. Flat on the case marks the cathode. To determine if the IR LED is the right way around.
IR Detector
A IR Detector is just like a regular transistor except the base lead is disabled or absent and light activates base current. The flat on the case marks the collector, the other lead is the emitter. Connect the collector to one end of a 10K ohm resistor and connect the other end of the resistor to a +5V supply (you can use the +5 pin on the Arduino). Connect the emitter to ground. The voltage should start out at +5V. When pointing the IR Detector, the voltage should drop down to near zero. To interface with the Arduino, make a second connection from the collector to an Arduino pin.
DonLuc1807Mk08
1 x RGB LCD Shield 16×2 Character Display
1 x Arduino UNO – R3
1 x ProtoScrewShield
1 x IR Emitter
1 x IR Detector
1 x 270 ohm resistor
1 x 10k ohm resistor
3 x Jumper Wires 3″ M/M
4 x Jumper Wires 6″ M/M
1 x Half-Size Breadboard
Arduino UNO
Det – Analog A0
Emi – Digital 2
VIN – +5V
GND – GND
DonLuc1807Mk08p.ino
// ***** Don Luc ***** // Software Version Information // Project #7: RGB LCD Shield – IR Emitters and Detectors – Mk04 // 7-8 // DonLuc1807Mk08p 7-8 // RGB LCD Shield // IR Emitters and Detectors // include the library code: #include <Adafruit_MCP23017.h> #include <Adafruit_RGBLCDShield.h> Adafruit_RGBLCDShield RGBLCDShield = Adafruit_RGBLCDShield(); #define GREEN 0x2 // IR Emitters and Detectors int iDet = 2; int iSense = A0; int iVal; void loop() { // Display // Set the cursor to column 0, line 0 RGBLCDShield.setCursor(0,0); RGBLCDShield.print("IR Emi - Det"); // IR Emitters and Detectors // IR Emitters and Detectors iVal = analogRead(iSense); // Set the cursor to column 0, line 1 RGBLCDShield.setCursor(0, 1); if ( iVal >= 1005 ) { RGBLCDShield.print("Alarm"); // Alarm } else { RGBLCDShield.print("No"); // No } delay(1000); // Clear RGBLCDShield.clear(); }
setup.ino
// Setup void setup() { // set up the LCD's number of columns and rows: RGBLCDShield.begin(16, 2); RGBLCDShield.setBacklight(GREEN); // Display // Set the cursor to column 0, line 0 RGBLCDShield.setCursor(0,0); RGBLCDShield.print("Don Luc"); // Don luc // Set the cursor to column 0, line 1 RGBLCDShield.setCursor(0, 1); RGBLCDShield.print("IR Emi - Det"); // IR Emitters and Detectors delay(5000); // Clear RGBLCDShield.clear(); // IR Emitters and Detectors pinMode(iDet, OUTPUT); pinMode(iSense, INPUT); digitalWrite(iDet,HIGH); }
Don Luc
Project #9: Stepper – EasyDriver – Mk04
EasyDriver – Hook-Up
Once you have all the headers soldered on, it’s time to hook up the EasyDriver to your Arduino. Using the picture below, make all the necessary connections.
Note: The small stepper motor looks different than the one pictured. It should have a 4-pin connector on the end. This will be attached to the 4-pin male header facing upward. Because of the nature of this particular stepper, you can hook up the connector in either orientation, i.e. either the black wire on the left or the yellow wire on the left. It will work either way. If you are using a different motor, consult its documentation to find out which wires should go where.
IMPORTANT: Stepper motors require more power than can be supplied by the Arduino. In this example we will be powering the Uno with a 12V external supply. Notice that the power input (M+) on the EasyDriver is attached to the Vin pin on the Arduino. This will allow you to power both the Arduino and the motor with the same power supply.
DonLuc1807Mk07
1 x RGB LCD Shield 16×2 Character Display
1 x Arduino UNO – R3
1 x ProtoScrewShield
1 x EasyDriver
1 x Small Stepper Motor
1 x Pololu Mounting
3 x Jumper Wires 3″ M/M
4 x Jumper Wires 6″ M/M
1 x Half-Size Breadboard
Arduino UNO
Spe – Digital 3
Dir – Digital 2
VIN – +5V
GND – GND
DonLuc1807Mk07p.ino
// ***** Don Luc ***** // Software Version Information // Project #9: Stepper - EasyDriver - Mk04 // 7-7 // DonLuc1807Mk07p 7-7 // Stepper // EasyDriver // include the library code: #include <Adafruit_MCP23017.h> #include <Adafruit_RGBLCDShield.h> Adafruit_RGBLCDShield RGBLCDShield = Adafruit_RGBLCDShield(); #define GREEN 0x2 // EasyDriver int dirPin = 2; // EasyDriver int stepPin = 3; // stepPin void loop() { // Display // Set the cursor to column 0, line 0 RGBLCDShield.setCursor(0,0); RGBLCDShield.print("EasyDriver"); // EasyDriver // EasyDriver int i; // Set the cursor to column 0, line 1 RGBLCDShield.setCursor(0, 1); RGBLCDShield.print("Left"); // Left digitalWrite(dirPin, LOW); // Set the direction. delay(100); for (i = 0; i<4000; i++) // Iterate for 4000 microsteps. { digitalWrite(stepPin, LOW); // This LOW to HIGH change is what creates the digitalWrite(stepPin, HIGH); // "Rising Edge" so the easydriver knows to when to step. delayMicroseconds(500); // This delay time is close to top speed for this } // particular motor. Any faster the motor stalls. // Set the cursor to column 0, line 1 RGBLCDShield.setCursor(0, 1); RGBLCDShield.print("Right"); // Right digitalWrite(dirPin, HIGH); // Change direction. delay(2000); for (i = 0; i<4000; i++) // Iterate for 4000 microsteps { digitalWrite(stepPin, LOW); // This LOW to HIGH change is what creates the digitalWrite(stepPin, HIGH); // "Rising Edge" so the easydriver knows to when to step. delayMicroseconds(500); // This delay time is close to top speed for this } // particular motor. Any faster the motor stalls. delay(2000); // Clear RGBLCDShield.clear(); }
setup.ino
// Setup void setup() { // set up the LCD's number of columns and rows: RGBLCDShield.begin(16, 2); RGBLCDShield.setBacklight(GREEN); // Display // Set the cursor to column 0, line 0 RGBLCDShield.setCursor(0,0); RGBLCDShield.print("Don Luc"); // Don luc // Set the cursor to column 0, line 1 RGBLCDShield.setCursor(0, 1); RGBLCDShield.print("EasyDriver"); // EasyDriver delay(5000); // Clear RGBLCDShield.clear(); // EasyDriver pinMode(dirPin, OUTPUT); pinMode(stepPin, OUTPUT); }
Don Luc
Project #8: Servo – Potentiometer Servo – Mk01
Servo Motor
A servo motor is a rotary actuator or linear actuator that allows for precise control of angular or linear position, velocity and acceleration. It consists of a suitable motor coupled to a sensor for position feedback. It also requires a relatively sophisticated controller, often a dedicated module designed specifically for use with servo motors.
Servo motors have been around for a long time and are utilized in many applications. They are small in size but pack a big punch and are very energy-efficient. These features allow them to be used to operate remote-controlled or radio-controlled toy cars, robots and airplanes. Servo motors are also used in industrial applications, robotics, in-line manufacturing, pharmaceutics and food services.
Circuit
Servo motors have three wires: power, ground, and signal. The power wire is red, and should be connected to the 5V pin on the Arduino board. The ground wire is black and should be connected to a ground pin on the board. The signal pin is orange and should be connected to pin 9 on the board.
The potentiometer should be wired so that its two outer pins are connected to power (+5V) and ground, and its middle pin is connected to analog input 0 on the board.
DonLuc1805Mk07
1 x RGB LCD Shield 16×2 Character Display
1 x Arduino UNO – R3
1 x ProtoScrewShield
1 x Servo Motor
1 x 100k Ohm Potentiometer
1 x Potentiometer Knob
4 x Jumper Wires 3″ M/M
4 x Jumper Wires 6″ M/M
1 x Half-Size Breadboard
Arduino UNO
Ser – Digital 9
Pot – Analog A0
VIN – +5V
GND – GND
DonLuc1807Mk03.ino
// ***** Don Luc ***** // Software Version Information // Project #8: Servo Motor - Potentiometer - Mk01 // 7-3 // DonLuc1807Mk03 7-3 // Servo Motor // Potentiometer Servo // include the library code: #include <Adafruit_MCP23017.h> #include <Adafruit_RGBLCDShield.h> #include <Servo.h> Adafruit_RGBLCDShield RGBLCDShield = Adafruit_RGBLCDShield(); #define GREEN 0x2 // Potentiometer Servo Motor Servo isServo; // Create servo object to control a servo int iPot1 = A0; // Analog Potentiometer 1 int iVal; // Variable - Analog Potentiometer 1 void loop() { // Potentiometer Servo Motor iVal = analogRead(iPot1); // Reads the value of the iPot1 (Value between 0 and 1023) iVal = map(iVal, 0, 1023, 0, 180); // Scale it to use it with the isServo (Value between 0 and 180) isServo.write(iVal); // isServo sets the servo position according to the scaled value delay(15); // Display // Set the cursor to column 0, line 0 RGBLCDShield.setCursor(0,0); RGBLCDShield.print("Potentiometer"); // Potentiometer // Set the cursor to column 0, line 1 RGBLCDShield.setCursor(0, 1); RGBLCDShield.print(iVal); // Reads the value iVal delay(500); // Clear RGBLCDShield.clear(); }
setup.ino
// Setup void setup() { // set up the LCD's number of columns and rows: RGBLCDShield.begin(16, 2); RGBLCDShield.setBacklight(GREEN); // Display // Set the cursor to column 0, line 0 RGBLCDShield.setCursor(0,0); RGBLCDShield.print("Don Luc"); // Don luc // Set the cursor to column 0, line 1 RGBLCDShield.setCursor(0, 1); RGBLCDShield.print("Potentiometer"); // Potentiometer Servo Motor delay(5000); // Clear RGBLCDShield.clear(); // Potentiometer Servo Motor isServo.attach(9); // Attaches the Servo on pin 9 to the Servo Object }
Don Luc
555 LED Flasher
Don Luc
In my early teens I was into photography and processing and printing my own B&W photos in a darkroom I had built with the help of my Mom in our basement in Canada. I got into electronics when I could not afford to buy a proper darkroom timer and I saw some article, probably in some electronics magazine, that explained how to build a simple timer that blinks a LED at one second intervals. After a trip, probably to Radio Shack, to buy a 555 timer IC, a LED, some resistors, wires and a small perforated circuit board. After that I was hooked on electronics projects from that day.
555 Timer IC
The 555 timer IC is an integrated circuit (chip) used in a variety of timer, pulse generation, and oscillator applications. The 555 can be used to provide time delays, as an oscillator, and as a flip-flop element.
Introduced in 1972 by Signetics, the 555 is still in widespread use due to its low price, ease of use, and stability. It is now made by many companies in the original bipolar and in low-power CMOS technologies. As of 2003, it was estimated that 1 billion units were manufactured every year. The 555 is the most popular integrated circuit ever manufactured. This is a small size led flasher built with the 555 timer IC that is powered from DC Power Supply. The circuit can be used as a flashing metronome, dark room timer, memo-reminder or other similar applications.
Specifications
These specifications apply to the NE555. Other 555 timers can have different specifications depending on the grade (military, medical, etc.). These values should be considered “ball park” values, instead the current official datasheet from the exact manufacturer of each chip should be consulted for parameter limitation recommendations.
Supply voltage (VCC): 4.5 to 15 V
Supply current (VCC = +5 V): 3 to 6 mA
Supply current (VCC = +15 V): 10 to 15 mA
Output current (maximum): 200 mA
Maximum Power dissipation: 600 mW
Power consumption (minimum operating): 30 mW@5V, 225 mW@15V
Operating temperature: 0 to 75 °C
555 Flasher Circuit
Modes: Astable (free-running) mode – the 555 can operate as an electronic oscillator. Uses include LED and lamp flashers, pulse generation, logic clocks, tone generation, security alarms, pulse position modulation and so on. The 555 can be used as a simple ADC, converting an analog value to a pulse length. The use of a microprocessor-based circuit can then convert the pulse period to temperature, linearize it and even provide calibration means.
The LED will be ON for a short period of time and OFF for a longer period. The duty cycle can be reversed if the LED is connected as shown will also increase due to the fact that the LED will stay ON for a longer period of time. An LED flasher circuit is a circuit which flashes the LED meaning turns it ON-OFF, ON-OFF, ON-OFF, Etc.
555 LED Flasher
1 x 555 Timer IC
1 x DC Power Supply
1 x Red LED
2 x 1K Ohm Resistors
1 x 10K Ohm Resistor
1 x 10µF Electrolytic Capacitor
1 x 0.01µF Ceramic Capacitor
9 x Jumper Wires 3″ M/M
1 x Breadboard
Don Luc
Project #6: MicroView – Alcohol Gas Sensor – Mk09
Alcohol Gas Sensor – MQ-3
This alcohol sensor is suitable for detecting alcohol concentration on your breath, just like your common breathalyzer. It has a high sensitivity and fast response time. Sensor provides an analog resistive output based on alcohol concentration. The drive circuit is very simple, all it needs is one resistor. A simple interface could be a 0-3.3V ADC.
Features
* 5V DC or AC circuit
* Requires heater voltage
* Operation Temperature: -10 to 70 degrees C
* Heater consumption: less than 750mW* 16.8mm diameter
* 9.3 mm height without the pins
Note: Again, the MQ-3 is heater-driven so be aware that the sensor will become warm and may even emit a smell at first. This is completely normal.
Calibration: If you take your time, you can find out what values equate to specific percentages or even blood alcohol concentration in the case of a breathalyzer. You will of course need to calibrate your MQ-3 based on your specific Arduino code since sensor readings will vary. Do not get the sensor wet with alcohol! Simply squeeze to breathe the vapors of the alcohol into the sensor and take your readings.
Alcohol Gas Sensor – MQ-3
1 x MicroView
1 x MicroView – USB Programmer
1 x Alcohol Gas Sensor – MQ-3
1 x NeoPixel Stick – 8 x 5050 RGB LED
1 x LED Green
1 x 10k Ohm
1 x 100k Ohm Potentiometer
1 x Potentiometer Knob
1 x 4 Header
2 x 2 Header
14 x Jumper Wires 3″ M/M
1 x Half-Size Breadboard
1 x Battery Holder 3xAAA with Cover and Switch
3 x Battery AAA
MicroView
Pot – PIN 05 – Analog A2
MQ-3 – PIN 07 – Analog A0
GND – PIN 08 – GND
VIN – PIN 15 – +5V
NEO – PIN 12 – Digital 3
LEDG – PIN 11 – Digital 2
DonLuc1807Mk01
DonLuc1807Mk01.ino
// ***** Don Luc ***** // Software Version Information // Project #6: MicroView - Alcohol Gas Sensor - MQ-3 - Mk09 // 7.1 // DonLuc1807Mk01 7-1 // MicroView // Alcohol Gas Sensor - MQ-3 // include the library code: #include <MicroView.h> #include <Adafruit_NeoPixel.h> // Alcohol Gas Sensor - MQ-3 int mq3Pin0 = A0; // Connected to the output pin of MQ3 int mq3Value = 0; // NeoPixels #define PIN 3 // On digital pin 3 #define NUMPIXELS 8 // NeoPixels NUMPIXELS = 8 Adafruit_NeoPixel pixels = Adafruit_NeoPixel(NUMPIXELS, PIN, NEO_GRB + NEO_KHZ800); int red = 0; // Red int green = 0; // Green int blue = 0; // Blue int iNeo = 0; // Neopix const int iBriPin = A2; // Panel Mount 1K potentiometer Brightneed int iBri = 0; // Neopix Brightness int iBriMin = 1023; // Brightneed minimum sensor value int iBriMax = 0; // Brightneed maximum sensor value // LED int ledG = 1; // LED Green void loop() { // Alcohol Gas Sensor - MQ-3 // Give ample warmup time for readings to stabilize isMQ3(); delay(100); uView.clear(PAGE); // Erase the memory buffer, the OLED will be cleared }
getMQ3.ino
// Alcohol Gas Sensor - MQ-3 void isMQ3(){ // LEDs - Low for(int z=0; z<NUMPIXELS; z++){ // Black red = 0; // Red green = 0; // Green blue = 0; // Blue iNeo = z; // Neopix neopix(); } // Probe mq3Value = analogRead(mq3Pin0); // Take a reading from the probe if( mq3Value >= 1 ){ // If the reading isn't zero, proceed if (mq3Value > 1){ // If the average is over 50 ... // Green red = 0; // Red green = 255; // Green blue = 0; // Blue iNeo = 0; // Neopix neopix(); } else{ // and if it's not ... // Black red = 0; // Red green = 0; // Green blue = 0; // Blue iNeo = 0; // Neopix neopix(); } if (mq3Value > 250){ // and so on ... // Green red = 0; // Red green = 255; // Green blue = 0; // Blue iNeo = 1; // Neopix neopix(); } else{ // Black red = 0; // Red green = 0; // Green blue = 0; // Blue iNeo = 1; // Neopix neopix(); } if (mq3Value > 350){ // Green red = 0; // Red green = 255; // Green blue = 0; // Blue iNeo = 2; // Neopix neopix(); } else{ // Black red = 0; // Red green = 0; // Green blue = 0; // Blue iNeo = 1; // Neopix neopix(); } if (mq3Value > 500){ // Yellow red = 255; // Red green = 255; // Green blue = 0; // Blue iNeo = 3; // Neopix neopix(); } else{ // Black red = 0; // Red green = 0; // Green blue = 0; // Blue iNeo = 3; // Neopix neopix(); } if (mq3Value > 650){ // Yellow red = 255; // Red green = 255; // Green blue = 0; // Blue iNeo = 4; // Neopix neopix(); } else{ // Black red = 0; // Red green = 0; // Green blue = 0; // Blue iNeo = 4; // Neopix neopix(); } if (mq3Value > 750){ // Yellow red = 255; // Red green = 255; // Green blue = 0; // Blue iNeo = 5; // Neopix neopix(); } else{ // Black red = 0; // Red green = 0; // Green blue = 0; // Blue iNeo = 5; // Neopix neopix(); } if (mq3Value > 850){ // Red red = 255; // Red green = 0; // Green blue = 0; // Blue iNeo = 6; // Neopix neopix(); } else{ // Black red = 0; // Red green = 0; // Green blue = 0; // Blue iNeo = 6; // Neopix neopix(); } if (mq3Value > 950){ // Red red = 255; // Red green = 0; // Green blue = 0; // Blue iNeo = 7; // Neopix neopix(); } else{ // Black red = 0; // Red green = 0; // Green blue = 0; // Blue iNeo = 7; // Neopix neopix(); } } uView.setFontType(0); // Set font type 0: Numbers and letters. 10 characters per line (6 lines) uView.setCursor(0,10); // Alcohol Gas Sensor uView.print( "Alcohol" ); uView.setCursor(0,30); // Alcohol Gas Sensor uView.print( mq3Value ); uView.display(); // Display }
neopix.ino
// Neopix void neopix() { // Brightness iBri = analogRead(iBriPin); // iBri apply the calibration to the sensor reading iBri = map(iBri, iBriMin, iBriMax, 0, 255); // iBri in case the sensor value is outside the range seen during calibration iBri = constrain(iBri, 0, 255); pixels.setBrightness( iBri ); // Pixels.Color takes RGB values, from 0,0,0 up to 255,255,255 pixels.setPixelColor( iNeo, pixels.Color(red,green,blue) ); // This sends the updated pixel color to the hardware pixels.show(); // Delay for a period of time (in milliseconds) delay(50); }
setup.ino
// Setup void setup() { uView.begin(); // Begin of MicroView uView.clear(ALL); // Erase hardware memory inside the OLED controller uView.display(); // Display the content in the buffer memory, by default it is the MicroView logo delay(1000); uView.clear(PAGE); // Erase the memory buffer, the OLED will be cleared. uView.setFontType(1); // Set font type 1: Numbers and letters. 7 characters per line (3 lines) uView.setCursor(0,20); uView.print("Don Luc"); // Don Luc uView.display(); // Display delay(5000); uView.clear(PAGE); // Erase the memory buffer, the OLED will be cleared. uView.setFontType(1); // Set font type 1: Numbers and letters. 7 characters per line (3 lines) uView.setCursor(0,20); uView.print("MQ-3"); // Alcohol Gas Sensor - MQ-3 uView.display(); // Display delay(5000); uView.clear(PAGE); // Erase the memory buffer, the OLED will be cleared // NeoPixels pixels.begin(); // This initializes the NeoPixel library // LED pinMode( ledG, OUTPUT ); // LED Green // LED Green - High digitalWrite( ledG, HIGH); }
Don Luc
LED – Infrared 950nm
Infrared LEDs are used for remote controls and ‘night-vision’ cameras, and these little blue guys are high powered ones. They are 950nm wavelength, which is what nearly all devices listen to.
The IR LED (or infrared light-emitting diode) Bit sends out light with longer wavelengths than visible light, similar to the light in your remote control. It’s invisible to the eye, but many digital cameras can see it. Try using it to activate the light sensor or remote trigger.
In short, LEDs are like tiny lightbulbs. However, LEDs require a lot less power to light up by comparison. They’re also more energy efficient, so they don’t tend to get hot like conventional lightbulbs do (unless you’re really pumping power into them). This makes them ideal for mobile devices and other low-power applications.
Technical Details
* 5mm LED
* 950nm wavelength (most common)
* 20 degree beam width
LED – Infrared 950nm
5 x Powerful IR LEDs GP54
5 x 30 Ohm
1 x Battery Holder 2xAAA with Cover and Switch
2 x Battery AAA
1 x Half-Size Breadboard
5 x Jumper Wires 3″ M/M
Don Luc
Project #6: MicroView – EMF Meter (Single Axis) – Mk08
Electromagnetic Field
An electromagnetic field (also EMF or EM field) is a physical field produced by electrically charged objects. It affects the behavior of charged objects in the vicinity of the field. The electromagnetic field extends indefinitely throughout space and describes the electromagnetic interaction. It is one of the four fundamental forces of nature (the others are gravitation, weak interaction and strong interaction).
The field can be viewed as the combination of an electric field and a magnetic field. The electric field is produced by stationary charges, and the magnetic field by moving charges (currents); these two are often described as the sources of the field. The way in which charges and currents interact with the electromagnetic field is described by Maxwell’s equations and the Lorentz force law. The force created by the electric field is much stronger than the force created by the magnetic field.
From a classical perspective in the history of electromagnetism, the electromagnetic field can be regarded as a smooth, continuous field, propagated in a wavelike manner; whereas from the perspective of quantum field theory, the field is seen as quantized, being composed of individual particles.
EMF Measurement
EMF measurements are measurements of ambient (surrounding) electromagnetic fields that are performed using particular sensors or probes, such as EMF meters. These probes can be generally considered as antennas although with different characteristics. In fact probes should not perturb the electromagnetic field and must prevent coupling and reflection as much as possible in order to obtain precise results. There are two main types of EMF measurements:
* Broadband measurements performed using a broadband probe, that is a device which senses any signal across a wide range of frequencies and is usually made with three independent diode detectors;
* Frequency selective measurements in which the measurement system consists of a field antenna and a frequency selective receiver or spectrum analyzer allowing to monitor the frequency range of interest.
EMF probes may respond to fields only on one axis, or may be tri-axial, showing components of the field in three directions at once. Amplified, active, probes can improve measurement precision and sensitivity but their active components may limit their speed of response.
EMF Meters
An EMF meter is a scientific instrument for measuring electromagnetic fields (abbreviated as EMF). Most meters measure the electromagnetic radiation flux density (DC fields) or the change in an electromagnetic field over time (AC fields), essentially the same as a radio antenna, but with quite different detection characteristics.
The two largest categories are single axis and tri-axis. Single axis meters are cheaper than tri-axis meters, but take longer to complete a survey because the meter only measures one dimension of the field. Single axis instruments have to be tilted and turned on all three axes to obtain a full measurement. A tri-axis meter measures all three axes simultaneously, but these models tend to be more expensive.
Electromagnetic fields can be generated by AC or DC currents. An EMF meter can measure AC electromagnetic fields, which are usually emitted from man-made sources such as electrical wiring, while gaussmeters or magnetometers measure DC fields, which occur naturally in Earth’s geomagnetic field and are emitted from other sources where direct current is present.
EMF Meter (Single Axis)
1 x MicroView
1 x MicroView – USB Programmer
1 x DS18S20
1 x NeoPixel Stick – 8 x 5050 RGB LED
1 x Speaker
1 x LED Red
1 x LED Green
1 x LED Yellow
1 x 330 Ohm
1 x 1.5k Ohm
1 x 3.3M Ohm
1 x 3″ Wire Solid Core, 22 AWG
1 x 4 Header
20 x Jumper Wires 3″ M/M
1 x Half-Size Breadboard
1 x Battery Holder 3xAAA with Cover and Switch
3 x Battery AAA
MicroView
WIRE – PIN 02 – Analog A5
GND – PIN 08 – GND
VIN – PIN 15 – +5V
TEM – PIN 14 – Digital 5
SPE – PIN 13 – Digital 4
NEO – PIN 12 – Digital 3
LEDG – PIN 11 – Digital 2
LEDY – PIN 10 – Digital 1
LEDR – PIN 09 – Digital 0
DonLuc1806Mk01
DonLuc1806Mk01a.ino
// ***** Don Luc ***** // Software Version Information // Project #6: MicroView - EMF Meter (Single Axis) - Mk08 // 6.1 // DonLuc1806Mk01 6-1 // MicroView // EMF Meter (Single Axis) // include the library code: #include <MicroView.h> #include <Adafruit_NeoPixel.h> // Pitches #include "pitches.h" #include <OneWire.h> // EMF Meter (Single Axis) #define NUMREADINGS 15 // Raise this number to increase data smoothing int senseLimit = 15; // Raise this number to decrease sensitivity (up to 1023 max) int val = 0; // Val int iEMF = A5; // EMF Meter int readings[ NUMREADINGS ]; // Readings from the analog input int index = 0; // Index of the current reading int total = 0; // Running total int average = 0; // Final average of the probe reading // NeoPixels #define PIN 3 // On digital pin 3 #define NUMPIXELS 8 // NeoPixels NUMPIXELS = 8 Adafruit_NeoPixel pixels = Adafruit_NeoPixel(NUMPIXELS, PIN, NEO_GRB + NEO_KHZ800); int red = 0; // Red int green = 0; // Green int blue = 0; // Blue int iNeo = 0; // Neopix int iBri = 0; // Neopix Brightness // LED int ledR = 0; // LED Red int ledG = 1; // LED Green int ledY = 2; // LED Yellow // 8-ohm speaker #define tonePIN 5 // On digital pin 5 // Temperature chip i/o int DS18S20_Pin = 6; // DS18S20 Signal pin on digital 6 OneWire ds(DS18S20_Pin); // On digital pin 6 float temperature = 0; // Temperature void loop() { // EMF Meter (Single Axis) isEMF(); delay(250); uView.clear(PAGE); // Erase the memory buffer, the OLED will be cleared }
getEMF.ino
// EMF Meter (Single Axis) void isEMF(){ // LEDs - Low for(int z=0; z<NUMPIXELS; z++){ // Black red = 0; // Red green = 0; // Green blue = 0; // Blue iNeo = z; // Neopix iBri = 0; // Neopix Brightness neopix(); } digitalWrite(ledG, LOW); // Turn that LED off digitalWrite(ledY, LOW); // Turn that LED off noTone(tonePIN); // noTone // Probe val = analogRead( iEMF ); // Take a reading from the probe if( val >= 1 ){ // If the reading isn't zero, proceed val = constrain( val, 1, senseLimit ); // Turn any reading higher than the senseLimit value into the senseLimit value val = map( val, 1, senseLimit, 1, 1023 ); // Remap the constrained value within a 1 to 1023 range total -= readings[ index ]; // Subtract the last reading readings[ index ] = val; // Read from the sensor total += readings[ index ]; // Add the reading to the total index = ( index + 1 ); // Advance to the next index if ( index >= NUMREADINGS ) { // If we're at the end of the array... index = 0; // ...wrap around to the beginning } average = total / NUMREADINGS; // Calculate the average if (average < 50) { // If the average is less 50 ... digitalWrite(ledG, HIGH); // turn that LED On tone(tonePIN, NOTE_C3); // Tone } else{ // and if it's not ... digitalWrite(ledG, LOW); // turn that LED off noTone(tonePIN); // noTone } if (average > 50){ // If the average is over 50 ... // Green red = 0; // Red green = 255; // Green blue = 0; // Blue iNeo = 0; // Neopix iBri = 100; // Neopix Brightness neopix(); tone(tonePIN, NOTE_C4); // Tone } else{ // and if it's not ... // Black red = 0; // Red green = 0; // Green blue = 0; // Blue iNeo = 0; // Neopix iBri = 0; // Neopix Brightness neopix(); noTone(tonePIN); // noTone } if (average > 250){ // and so on ... // Green red = 0; // Red green = 255; // Green blue = 0; // Blue iNeo = 1; // Neopix iBri = 100; // Neopix Brightness neopix(); tone(tonePIN, NOTE_D4); // Tone } else{ // Black red = 0; // Red green = 0; // Green blue = 0; // Blue iNeo = 1; // Neopix iBri = 0; // Neopix Brightness neopix(); noTone(tonePIN); // noTone } if (average > 350){ // Green red = 0; // Red green = 255; // Green blue = 0; // Blue iNeo = 2; // Neopix iBri = 100; // Neopix Brightness neopix(); tone(tonePIN, NOTE_E4); // Tone } else{ // Black red = 0; // Red green = 0; // Green blue = 0; // Blue iNeo = 1; // Neopix iBri = 0; // Neopix Brightness neopix(); noTone(tonePIN); // noTone } if (average > 500){ // Yellow red = 255; // Red green = 255; // Green blue = 0; // Blue iNeo = 3; // Neopix iBri = 100; // Neopix Brightness neopix(); tone(tonePIN, NOTE_F4); // Tone } else{ // Black red = 0; // Red green = 0; // Green blue = 0; // Blue iNeo = 3; // Neopix iBri = 0; // Neopix Brightness neopix(); noTone(tonePIN); // noTone } if (average > 650){ // Yellow red = 255; // Red green = 255; // Green blue = 0; // Blue iNeo = 4; // Neopix iBri = 100; // Neopix Brightness neopix(); tone(tonePIN, NOTE_G4); // Tone } else{ // Black red = 0; // Red green = 0; // Green blue = 0; // Blue iNeo = 4; // Neopix iBri = 0; // Neopix Brightness neopix(); noTone(tonePIN); // noTone } if (average > 750){ // Yellow red = 255; // Red green = 255; // Green blue = 0; // Blue iNeo = 5; // Neopix iBri = 100; // Neopix Brightness neopix(); tone(tonePIN, NOTE_A4); // Tone } else{ // Black red = 0; // Red green = 0; // Green blue = 0; // Blue iNeo = 5; // Neopix iBri = 0; // Neopix Brightness neopix(); noTone(tonePIN); // noTone } if (average > 850){ // Red red = 255; // Red green = 0; // Green blue = 0; // Blue iNeo = 6; // Neopix iBri = 100; // Neopix Brightness neopix(); tone(tonePIN, NOTE_B4); // Tone } else{ // Black red = 0; // Red green = 0; // Green blue = 0; // Blue iNeo = 6; // Neopix iBri = 0; // Neopix Brightness neopix(); noTone(tonePIN); // noTone } if (average > 950){ // Red red = 255; // Red green = 0; // Green blue = 0; // Blue iNeo = 7; // Neopix iBri = 100; // Neopix Brightness neopix(); tone(tonePIN, NOTE_C5); // Tone } else{ // Black red = 0; // Red green = 0; // Green blue = 0; // Blue iNeo = 7; // Neopix iBri = 0; // Neopix Brightness neopix(); noTone(tonePIN); // noTone } } else { digitalWrite(ledY, HIGH); // turn that LED On noTone(tonePIN); // noTone } uView.setFontType(0); // Set font type 0: Numbers and letters. 10 characters per line (6 lines) uView.setCursor(0,10); // EMF Meter uView.print( "EMF: " ); uView.print( average ); // Temperature chip i/o isTe(); uView.display(); // Display }
getTemperature.ino
// Temperature chip i/o void isTe() { // Temperature chip i/o temperature = getTemp(); uView.setCursor(0,30); uView.print(temperature); uView.print(" *C"); } float getTemp() { // Returns the temperature from one DS18S20 in DEG Celsius byte data[12]; byte addr[8]; if ( !ds.search(addr)) { // No more sensors on chain, reset search ds.reset_search(); return -1001; } if ( OneWire::crc8( addr, 7) != addr[7]) { return -1002; } if ( addr[0] != 0x10 && addr[0] != 0x28) { return -1003; } ds.reset(); ds.select(addr); ds.write(0x44,1); // Start conversion, with parasite power on at the end byte present = ds.reset(); ds.select(addr); ds.write(0xBE); // Read Scratchpad for (int i = 0; i < 9; i++) { // we need 9 bytes data[i] = ds.read(); } ds.reset_search(); byte MSB = data[1]; byte LSB = data[0]; float tempRead = ((MSB << 8) | LSB); // Using two's compliment float TemperatureSum = tempRead / 16; return TemperatureSum; }
neopix.ino
void neopix() { // Brightness pixels.setBrightness( iBri ); // Pixels.Color takes RGB values, from 0,0,0 up to 255,255,255 pixels.setPixelColor( iNeo, pixels.Color(red,green,blue) ); // This sends the updated pixel color to the hardware pixels.show(); // Delay for a period of time (in milliseconds) delay(50); }
pitches.h
/************************************************* * Public Constants *************************************************/ // Note #define NOTE_B0 31 #define NOTE_C1 33 #define NOTE_CS1 35 #define NOTE_D1 37 #define NOTE_DS1 39 #define NOTE_E1 41 #define NOTE_F1 44 #define NOTE_FS1 46 #define NOTE_G1 49 #define NOTE_GS1 52 #define NOTE_A1 55 #define NOTE_AS1 58 #define NOTE_B1 62 #define NOTE_C2 65 #define NOTE_CS2 69 #define NOTE_D2 73 #define NOTE_DS2 78 #define NOTE_E2 82 #define NOTE_F2 87 #define NOTE_FS2 93 #define NOTE_G2 98 #define NOTE_GS2 104 #define NOTE_A2 110 #define NOTE_AS2 117 #define NOTE_B2 123 #define NOTE_C3 131 #define NOTE_CS3 139 #define NOTE_D3 147 #define NOTE_DS3 156 #define NOTE_E3 165 #define NOTE_F3 175 #define NOTE_FS3 185 #define NOTE_G3 196 #define NOTE_GS3 208 #define NOTE_A3 220 #define NOTE_AS3 233 #define NOTE_B3 247 #define NOTE_C4 262 #define NOTE_CS4 277 #define NOTE_D4 294 #define NOTE_DS4 311 #define NOTE_E4 330 #define NOTE_F4 349 #define NOTE_FS4 370 #define NOTE_G4 392 #define NOTE_GS4 415 #define NOTE_A4 440 #define NOTE_AS4 466 #define NOTE_B4 494 #define NOTE_C5 523 #define NOTE_CS5 554 #define NOTE_D5 587 #define NOTE_DS5 622 #define NOTE_E5 659 #define NOTE_F5 698 #define NOTE_FS5 740 #define NOTE_G5 784 #define NOTE_GS5 831 #define NOTE_A5 880 #define NOTE_AS5 932 #define NOTE_B5 988 #define NOTE_C6 1047 #define NOTE_CS6 1109 #define NOTE_D6 1175 #define NOTE_DS6 1245 #define NOTE_E6 1319 #define NOTE_F6 1397 #define NOTE_FS6 1480 #define NOTE_G6 1568 #define NOTE_GS6 1661 #define NOTE_A6 1760 #define NOTE_AS6 1865 #define NOTE_B6 1976 #define NOTE_C7 2093 #define NOTE_CS7 2217 #define NOTE_D7 2349 #define NOTE_DS7 2489 #define NOTE_E7 2637 #define NOTE_F7 2794 #define NOTE_FS7 2960 #define NOTE_G7 3136 #define NOTE_GS7 3322 #define NOTE_A7 3520 #define NOTE_AS7 3729 #define NOTE_B7 3951 #define NOTE_C8 4186 #define NOTE_CS8 4435 #define NOTE_D8 4699 #define NOTE_DS8 4978
setup.ino
void setup() { uView.begin(); // Begin of MicroView uView.clear(ALL); // Erase hardware memory inside the OLED controller uView.display(); // Display the content in the buffer memory, by default it is the MicroView logo delay(1000); uView.clear(PAGE); // Erase the memory buffer, the OLED will be cleared. uView.setFontType(1); // Set font type 1: Numbers and letters. 7 characters per line (3 lines) uView.setCursor(0,20); uView.print("Don Luc"); // Don Luc uView.display(); // Display delay(5000); uView.clear(PAGE); // Erase the memory buffer, the OLED will be cleared. uView.setFontType(1); // Set font type 1: Numbers and letters. 7 characters per line (3 lines) uView.setCursor(0,20); uView.print("EMF Met"); // EMF Meter (Single Axis) uView.display(); // Display delay(5000); uView.clear(PAGE); // Erase the memory buffer, the OLED will be cleared // NeoPixels pixels.begin(); // This initializes the NeoPixel library // EMF Meter (Single Axis) pinMode( iEMF, OUTPUT ); // EMF Meter for (int i = 0; i < NUMREADINGS; i++){ readings[ i ] = 0; // Initialize all the readings to 0 } // LED pinMode( ledR, OUTPUT ); // LED Red pinMode( ledG, OUTPUT ); // LED Green pinMode( ledY, OUTPUT ); // LED Yellow // LED Red - High digitalWrite( ledR, HIGH); }
Don Luc
Project #7: RGB LCD Shield – PIR Motion Sensor – Mk03
PIR Motion Sensor
This is a simple to use motion sensor. Power it up and wait 1-2 seconds for the sensor to get a snapshot of the still room. If anything moves after that period, the ‘alarm’ pin will go low.
This unit works great from 5 to 12V (datasheet shows 12V). You can also install a jumper wire past the 5V regulator on board to make this unit work at 3.3V. Sensor uses 1.6mA@3.3V.
The alarm pin is an open collector meaning you will need a pull up resistor on the alarm pin. The open drain setup allows multiple motion sensors to be connected on a single input pin. If any of the motion sensors go off, the input pin will be pulled low.
We’ve finally updated the connector! Gone is the old “odd” connector, now you will find a common 3-pin JST! This makes the PIR Sensor much more accessible for whatever your project may need. Red = Power, White = Ground, and Black = Alarm.
Buzzer
This is a small 12mm round speaker that operates around the audible 2kHz range. You can use these speakers to create simple music or user interfaces.
This is not a true piezoelectric speaker but behaves similarly. Instead of a piezoelectric crystal that vibrates with an electric current, this tiny speaker uses an electromagnet to drive a thin metal sheet. That means you need to use some form of alternating current to get sound. The good news is that this speaker is tuned to respond best with a square wave (e.g. from a microcontroller).
LED
LED Yellow
LED Green
DonLuc1805Mk07
1 x RGB LCD Shield 16×2 Character Display
1 x Arduino UNO – R3
1 x ProtoScrewShield
1 x PIR Motion Sensor
1 x Buzzer
1 x LED Yellow
1 x LED Green
2 x Jumper Wires 2″ M/F
4 x Jumper Wires 3″ M/M
5 x Jumper Wires 6″ M/M
1 x Half-Size Breadboard
Arduino UNO
JST – Digital 6
BUZ – Digital 2
LEY – Digital 1
LEG – Digital 0
VIN – +5V
GND – GND
DonLuc1805Mk07a.ino
// ***** Don Luc ***** // Software Version Information // Project #7: RGB LCD Shield – PIR Motion Sensor - Mk03 // 5-3.01 // DonLuc1804Mk07 5-3.01 // RGB LCD Shield // PIR Motion Sensor (JST} // include the library code: #include <Adafruit_MCP23017.h> #include <Adafruit_RGBLCDShield.h> Adafruit_RGBLCDShield RGBLCDShield = Adafruit_RGBLCDShield(); #define GREEN 0x2 // PIR Motion Sensor (JST} const int buz = 6; // Buzzer const int MOTION_PIN = 2; // Pin connected to motion detector const int LED_Yellow = 1; // LED Yellow const int LED_Green = 0; // LED Green void loop() { // PIR Motion Sensor (JST} isJST(); delay(1000); // Clear RGBLCDShield.clear(); }
getJST.ino
void isJST(){ int proximity = digitalRead(MOTION_PIN); // PIR Motion Sensor if (proximity == LOW) // If the sensor's output goes low, motion is detected { // Motion Detected digitalWrite(buz, HIGH); // Buzzer High digitalWrite(LED_Yellow, HIGH); // LED Yellow High digitalWrite(LED_Green, LOW); // LED Green Low // Display // Set the cursor to column 0, line 0 RGBLCDShield.setCursor(0,0); RGBLCDShield.print("Motion Detected!"); // Motion Detected! // Set the cursor to column 0, line 1 RGBLCDShield.setCursor(0, 1); RGBLCDShield.print("Buzzer On - Yel"); // Buzzer On } else { // Motion Off digitalWrite(buz, LOW); // Buzzer Low digitalWrite(LED_Yellow, LOW); // LED Yellow Low digitalWrite(LED_Green, HIGH); // LED Green High // Display // Set the cursor to column 0, line 0 RGBLCDShield.setCursor(0,0); RGBLCDShield.print("Motion Off!"); // Motion Off! // Set the cursor to column 0, line 1 RGBLCDShield.setCursor(0, 1); RGBLCDShield.print("Buzzer Off - Gr"); // "Buzzer Off } }
setup.ino
void setup() { // set up the LCD's number of columns and rows: RGBLCDShield.begin(16, 2); RGBLCDShield.setBacklight(GREEN); // Display // Set the cursor to column 0, line 0 RGBLCDShield.setCursor(0,0); RGBLCDShield.print("Don Luc"); // Don luc // Set the cursor to column 0, line 1 RGBLCDShield.setCursor(0, 1); RGBLCDShield.print("Motion Sensor"); // Motion Sensor delay(5000); // Clear RGBLCDShield.clear(); // PIR Motion Sensor (JST} pinMode(buz, OUTPUT); // Buzzer pinMode(MOTION_PIN, INPUT_PULLUP); // PIR Motion Sensor pinMode(LED_Yellow, OUTPUT); // LED Yellow pinMode(LED_Green, OUTPUT); // LED Green }
Don Luc